The distinction between a hill and a mountain is unclear and largely subjective, but a hill is universally considered to be less tall and less steep than a mountain. In the United Kingdom, geographers historically regarded mountains as hills greater than 1,000 feet (300 m) above sea level, which formed the basis of the plot of the 1995 film The Englishman Who Went Up a Hill But Came Down a Mountain. In contrast, hillwalkers have tended to regard mountains as peaks 2,000 feet (610 m) above sea level: the Oxford English Dictionary also suggests a limit of 2,000 feet (610 m) and Whittow[1] states "Some authorities regard eminences above 600 m (2,000 ft) as mountains, those below being referred to as hills." The Great Soviet Encyclopedia defines hill as an upland with a relative height up to 200 m (660 ft).Today, a mountain is usually defined in the UK and Ireland as any summit at least 2,000 feet (or 610 meters) high,[3][4][5][6][7] while the official UK government's definition of a mountain is a summit of 600 meters or higher.[8] Some definitions include a topographical prominence requirement, typically 100 feet (30 m) or 500 feet (152 m).[5] In practice, mountains in Scotland are frequently referred to as "hills" no matter what their height, as reflected in names such as the Cuillin Hills and the Torridon Hills. In Wales, the distinction is more a term of land use and appearance and has nothing to do with height. For a while, the U.S. defined a mountain as being 1,000 feet (304.8 m) or more tall. Any similar landform lower than this height was considered a hill. The United States Geological Survey (USGS), however, has concluded that these terms do not in fact have technical definitions in the U.S.A hillock is a small hill. Other words include knoll and (in Scotland, Northern Ireland and northern England) its variant, knowe.[10] Artificial hills may be referred to by a variety of technical names, including mound and tumulus.
Hills provide a major advantage to an army, giving them an elevated firing position and forcing an opposing army to charge uphill to attack them. They may also conceal forces behind them, allowing a force to lay in wait on the crest of a hill, using that crest for cover, and firing on unsuspecting attackers as they broach the hilltop. As a result, conventional military strategies often demand possession of high ground.Hills have become sites for many noted battles, such as the first recorded military conflict in Scotland known as the battle of Mons Graupius. Modern conflicts include the Battle of Bunker Hill (which was actually fought on Breed's Hill) in the American War for Independence and Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill in the Battle of Gettysburg, the turning point of the American Civil War.Role in shaping of a country for a combined United States of America: In 1864, 160,000 Union and Confederate soldiers fought at Pigeon Hill and Cheatham Hill Battlefield on the land (with trenches and cannons) that now forms the National Battlefield Park at Kennesaw, in Georgia; when Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and his troops temporarily halted Union General William T. Sherman’s advance toward Atlanta from North. “This is hallowed ground. For two terrible weeks in the summer of 1864, thousands of Americans on both sides fought and died here. The fierce struggle they waged here not only helped decide the outcome of American Civil War, it also shaped the fate of a nation, and destiny of generations yet unborn.
Hills provide a major advantage to an army, giving them an elevated firing position and forcing an opposing army to charge uphill to attack them. They may also conceal forces behind them, allowing a force to lay in wait on the crest of a hill, using that crest for cover, and firing on unsuspecting attackers as they broach the hilltop. As a result, conventional military strategies often demand possession of high ground.Hills have become sites for many noted battles, such as the first recorded military conflict in Scotland known as the battle of Mons Graupius. Modern conflicts include the Battle of Bunker Hill (which was actually fought on Breed's Hill) in the American War for Independence and Cemetery Hill and Culp's Hill in the Battle of Gettysburg, the turning point of the American Civil War.Role in shaping of a country for a combined United States of America: In 1864, 160,000 Union and Confederate soldiers fought at Pigeon Hill and Cheatham Hill Battlefield on the land (with trenches and cannons) that now forms the National Battlefield Park at Kennesaw, in Georgia; when Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and his troops temporarily halted Union General William T. Sherman’s advance toward Atlanta from North. “This is hallowed ground. For two terrible weeks in the summer of 1864, thousands of Americans on both sides fought and died here. The fierce struggle they waged here not only helped decide the outcome of American Civil War, it also shaped the fate of a nation, and destiny of generations yet unborn.
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